Methods of Employee Training

Training is beneficial at all the levels of an organization. Due to the nature of the job different methods are used to train the employees if different levels. These can be discussed as below:
A. On- the Job Training
Under this method, the training takes place in a normal working situation, using the actual tools, documents or materials that the trainees will use in their usual course of job. Success depends on the interest the supervisor takes in imparting training.
Main methods of on the job training are as follows:

1. Apprenticeship Training
This training method consists of both theory and practical session. The trainee works with an expert for a specific time period. In the theoretical session, information is given about the plant layout, different parts of machines etc. while in the practical session he is given the work of handling the equipments. Generally, plumbers and electricians undergo this training.

2. Induction Training
Induction training refers to making familiar the new employees with their job and the organization. They are informed about their work, authorities and responsibilities. They are introduced to their superiors and the subordinates.

3. Internship Training
Internship training is conducted by various institutions to provide experience, and to let know the employees the difference between the theoretical and the practical knowledge.

4. Job Rotation
In this method, the person is transferred from one department to the other department so that he is provided with the full knowledge of all the departments. This training method prepares an employee of taking charge of any department under adverse circumstances.

5. Coaching and Counseling
In this method, the superior guides and instructs the trainees as a coach. The coach teaches the new appointed persons how the work must be handled and how the decisions must be taken. When the superior feels that the person has acquired the desired proficiency, he is given complex problems to find the solutions.
Counseling refers to advising the junior employees when he faces some problems. The counsellor plays an advisory role in guiding the employees.

B. Off- the Job Training
Training is imparted away from the normal work place. This type of training is beneficial in inculcating the concepts and ideas. This training is given in special seminars, classes etc.
Main methods under this are as follows:

1. Vestibule Training
Under this method, employees learn their jobs on the equipments which they will be using while doing the actual job. When an employee is trained under such conditions he gets an idea about what the real job situation will be like.

2. Class Room Lectures/ Conferences
The class room method is used when a group of managers have to be trained in the theoretical aspects. The managers are informed of latest techniques for tackling any problem. The lectures are made more interesting by the use of audiovisual aids or demonstration, case study, role play method.

3. Films
This method is a very effective technique to provide certain information or to demonstrate skills.

4. Case Study Method
The object of this method is to teach the trainees how to analyse information, generate alternate decisions. Under this method, the trainees are given various cases based on the real life experiences of the managers.

5. Computer Modelling
Computer Modelling method is used to impart training for high cost involved situations. Under this method real working atmosphere is created by programming computer to imitate some of the realities of job.

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