Every code of etiquette has contained theee elements: basic moral duties, practical rules which promote efficiency , and artificial, optional graces such as formal compliments to say , superiors on their generosity and importance.

so lets consider 1st element i.e moral duties; just have respect for the weak and respect for age. The best example to explain this component is of metros we have often seen and even we all have experienced that sometimes we offer our seat to older ones; this is what etiquette teaches. Do you know; In England until about a century ago young children did not sit in their parents’ presence without taking permission.

Now come to our second component Practical rules; these are helpful in such ordinary occurances of social life as making proper introductions at parties or other functions so that people can be bought to know each other.

Extremely refined behaviour , however cultivated as an art of gracious living has been a characterstic only of societies with wealth and leisure, which admitted women as the social equals of men. In fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, a wealthy and leisured society developed an extremely complex code of manners, actually the truth is morals …were started from the higher societies., but the rules of behaviour of fashionable society had little influence on the daily life of the lower classes. Indeed many of the rules, such as how to enter a banquet room, or how to use a sword or handkerchief for ceremonial purposes, were irrelevent to the way of life of average man. As every average man can’t learn the use of sword:p as normally they all spent most of life outdoors or in his own poor hut.

Yet etiquette although is an english custom but is a very important internal part of everyone’s life. You can easily think of many examples of customs and habits in your own daily life which come under this heading

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We all do last- minute study..but is it efficient enough!!!. Actually this only creates tension and panic, as a student you should avoid last- minute study; it is better to prepare in advance to avoid confusion and stress. From the start of the academic year, devote some time to study so that at the end , when exams have to be taken ,there is no undue panic. This way there will be time for revision.

So what all things help us in study..!!A healthy diet, regular exercise and playing games are all important in your life. Pranayama or deep breathing and meditation contribute to physical and mental health and yes by practising yoga…you can banish negative thoughts.

A simple funda every student should follow, spend 3 hrs daily during the last two months prior to final exams in solving five – to -seven-year old question papers on related subjects taking in your mind as if you are appearing for final exams. Thereby it will help you not only in the field of confidence but also a positive attitude.It is good to spend more time on difficult and important topics. The best time to do this is during the early hours, when the mind is fresh. Positive thinking always provide us a way to success. Why get frustrated by failure? see it as an opportunity and work over it.

The main thing , Anxiety should be avoided as it could lead to depression, poor memory and lack of attention. When you are full of fear, even then good preparation will not help. However poor performance ought not to make you feel inferior nor make you blame others, the simple you can do is.tell yourself you can and will do your best whatever the situation is. You can overcome any hurdle because you are not the only one facing such hurdles just you have to analyse and cope up with the problem.

So Just you need to stay calm before exam and Believe in yourself..:)

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As we really know English is the need of today’s era, so how you can best improve your English depends on where you live and particularly on whether or not you live in an English speaking community. If you hear English spoken every day and mix freely with English speaking people, that is on the whole an advantage. On the other hand , it is often confusing to have the whole language poured over you at once. Ideally a step-by-step course should accompany or lead up to this experience. It will also help a great deal if you can easily get the sort of English books in which you are interested.

Now let me suggest you one simple thing, Read as many books in English as you can ,not as a duty but for pleasure. Do not choose the most difficult books you find , with the idea of listing and learning as many new words as possible; choose what is likely to interest you and be sure in advance that it is not too hard. You should not have to be constantly looking up new words in the dictionary , for that deadens interest and checks real learning. Look up a word here and there, but as general policy , try to push ahead, guessing what words mean from the context.

It is extensive and not intensive reading that normally helps you to get interested in extra – reading and therby improve your English.

As you read , you will become more and more familiar with words and sentence patterns you already know, understand them and relate to the context that you are reading. Some people say that we cannot learn to speak a language better with the help of book. They normally believe that spoken language and written language are both different things. But it is not so, If we are able to connect the written language with that of spoken then we can learn any language.

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What is Nanotechnology? Its just a science of the miniature , or you can say the science that can create a mobile for an ant!:p. Nano-matreials are a thousand times smaller than the diameter of human air. ‘Nano’ in Greek means ‘Dwarf’ and when any material is reduced to nano dimension , there are drastic changes in its properties. It is the reason that this cutting edge tech can be used in aerospace, engineering, bioscience, medical science, electonics, and a variety of other areas.

If we talk abt the Health, then nanotechnology can create sensors in the form of biochips, to be inserted in the human body. It can also make tiny medical devices and sensors with fantastic precision to reach areas where the surgeons’ hand cannot , and repair damaged tissues.

Now if we come in the area of environment science, nanotechnology is providing ways to detect and filter bacteria and toxins out of water supplies and clear up heavy metal and organic chemical pollution. In miltary technology, it is developing new, light- weight equipments and weapons, bullet proof battle suits that can morph to provide camouflage.

Despite the fact that it still has relatively few commercial applications, nanotechnology has generated criticism from environment groups who fear as yet unknown risks to human health and the environment. This tech has to be researched more coz this is really gonna change our future as rightly said ‘Nanotechnology is the science of tomorrow’.

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Smiling is universal human gesture. In his travels, Charles Darwin discovered that smiling was the only facial expression which was recognised instantly all over the world. A smile is easy to see . It is possible to recognise a smile on someone’s face at a distance of 45 metres. You’d have to be much closer to decide whether the person was showing surprise , anger or fear.

It takes only one facial muscle to smile. This is the zygomatic major muscle, which reaches down from the cheekbone to the corners of the lips. To look sad or angry , you need to use at least two muscles.

Now if we talk about health, smiles are good for your health. Studies in the USA have shown that when you smile your heart rate slows down ,your blood pressure goes down and the body begins to relax. This happens whether whether you are feeling happy or not. In fact ,if you’re feeling unhappy, the simple act of smiling is the first step to feeling better.

A smiles makes you attractive. According to American dentists, an attractive smile should show most of the upper teeth, at least two thirds of the length, and just the tips of the lower teeth.

When you smile a real one, two things happen to your face : your lips move up towards your cheeks themselves go up and gather in the skin around eyes. And a real smile will usually only last for up to 4 seconds. False smiles are seen mostly on the faces of salesman:p. False smiles usually appear slightly too early or too late ,and they tend to go on for too long.

But if you really want to know if smile is real or false ,look at the eyes. They brighten up. In false smile they don’t change -however much the person has practiced smiling.

so from now keep smiling coz it looks attractive and is good for health and now you can figure out the difference between false smile and true smile:)

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” Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy , wealthy and wise,” thid age- old saying has become irrelevant today since life styles have changes beyond recognition. The internet, television programmes , late night parties, funky dances, traffic jams, etc have rendered it impossible to retire early at night. The businessmen and executives are worst affected because most of their engagements continue into late hours of the night. They prefer making long distance calls late at night then charges are reduced to one- third of the normal rates. Now you can take the example of children, they normally burdened with home- work and those who complete in the highly competitive job market have to burn the midnight oil.

Life has become so fast paced that a person has to work fay in and day out. Now for all practical purposes , life has shifted much beyond sunset. The modern life style has affected one’s sleeping hours. Busy people like politicians, bureaucrats, industrialists, businessmen, executives, and professionals hardly get a full night’s sleep.

In metropolitian cities, school going children have to reach their schools early so they have to get up before sunrise. The lady of the house has to prepare breakfast and midday meals for her children , husband and even for herself if she is working women. Therefore it becomes a necessity to rise early. All such people should sleep early but it is not possible for them to do so. as a result , efficiency and performance suffer.

Do you know..! Psychiatrists recommend not the read the newspaper early in the morning.! The reason is type of new we read , all consist of murders, kidnapping, accodents, thefts, family disputes etc. Such news items keep on haunting the readers for the whole day.

The more sound the sleep, the more will be freshness and desire to work

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Fashion inspires one with the desire to seem rather than to be. Another of its characterstics is that every generation laughs at the old trends but religiously follows the latest one . That explains the quick changes , sometimes queer and grotesque , that come about in the vast domain of fashion.

A particular fashion is popular for few months before it is replaced by another. If poets were the unacknowledged legislators of the world, fashion models have become the acknowledged leaders! Fashion’s writ runs not only in matter of dress and entertainment but also in law, politics , and education. It has infiltrated things of grave importance. Universities , no longer devoted to pursuit of scholarship, hold fashion shows. Imitating western decadence is a matter of pride.

The modern follow fashion for compelling reasons. They want to identify with a select group of people. New fashions may be adopted immediately by well known people, including sports persons , film stars ,or political figures. Then , other people may follow these fashions so that they can identify with this privileged group. Some think that fashionable clothes raise their status in life . Fashion is a way to gain acceptance from others of that class. This adoption of fashion applies more to clothes.

Is fashion a mere display of riches or the art of beautifying one’s self!? Actually its both…!!)

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A number of citizens suffer from a variety diseases that can be linked to tobacco addiction. In a recent check up camp organised by the Cancer Patients Aid Association (CPPA), 830 street children were examined and the following grim picture was established:

• Children between the ages of seven to eight smoked bidis, older boys who were earning members , smoked cigarettes
• Girls consumed supari or burnt tobacco powder
• 87 children had already acquired pre- cancerous lesions
• These substances are easily accessible , legal , and cost a mere Rs 2

But this trend is not only confined to any particular segment of the society. According to doctors, consumption of ‘gutkha’ and smoking is quite rampant amongst children from higher income groups

According to CPAA officials , consumption of gutkha has gone up considerably in the last few years. Since there is no restriction on the advertisements of this product , even during Ganesh festivals, companies producing gutkha sponser events and display huge ads.

Over 50 per cent of the people screened so far are addicted tobacco. The most common form of tobacco use is gutkha and chewing tobacco. Gutkha is being consumed by people of all ages , upto 22 times a day. The older the individual , the most popular chewing tobacco is.

Four million people die every year due to tabacco related causes and the facts and figures shows that if it continues then by the year 2030 , 10 million people will die every year of tobacco related causes. So its all in our hand whether to waste our precious life by the consumption of tobacco or to live a happy and gala life…decision lies on our part.!!!!

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Since the introduction of mobile phones , there have been concerns regarding their effect on human health.

Mobile phones produce radiofrequency (RF) radiation that is a part of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum. Most mobile phones transmit and receive RF radiation at frequencies of  between 825 and 915 megahertz. Scientists have known for a long time about the ability of RF radiation to cause heating , which can lead to severe health effects on the body such as  fatigue , reduced mental concentration and cataracts if exposed to very high levels. These effects are known as thermal effects , some of which can be created by subjecting a person to a warm environment.

Although the solution to this problem is simple , Hand free kits allow people to make phone calls without having to hold the mobile phone next to their head. The user is then free to use both hands to perform other tasks. Due to the increased seperation between the antenna and the user’s head , RF exposure to head is reduced by about 100 times when compared to normal mobile phone use.

News and facts have proved , the sensations of heating , headaches and nausea are common effects of mobile phones, if used for long duration.

Although mobile phones have the most benifitial uses and is a great invention but the most imp thing is we should use them in a limit as the rescent reasearch has proved that if mobile phones are used for a short duration then RF radiations causes are comparetibly lower then that of long duration usebility.

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Like the Internet, Global Positioning System(GPS) has military origin, though now it is extensively used in civilian applications. If you are lost in Delhi , and who doesn’t need a bit a help in the nation’s Capital, you just have to seek assistance from your latest mobile phone and you will find out not only where you are but also how to get to your destination.

While many countries have tried to set up GPS systems, the only fully functional and availaible global navigation satellite system belongs to the USA which has put up a constellation of 27 Earth- orbiting satellites in six different orbital planes.

The orbits are planned such that at any time , anywhere in the Earth, there are at least 4 satellites “visible” in the sky. A GPS reciever’ s job is to locate four or more of these satellites, figure out the distance to each , and use this information to deduce its own location. This operation is based on the mathematical principle of trilateration. Basically , your GPS reciever draws a sphere around each of three satellites it can locate. These three spheres intersect in two points- one is in space and other is in ground. The point on the ground at which the three spheres intersect is your location.

We have seen how a system evolves far more than the limited purposes that start its development. What was designed to make smart bombs more accurate is today being used to make sure that children can find their way home.!!

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