CSS Basics

• Introduction: An overview of CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) and its role in web design.
• CSS3 Evolution: Explaining the evolution from CSS2 to CSS3 and its new capabilities.
• Why to use CSS: The importance of CSS in styling web pages and separating content from design.
• CSS Editors: Tools used for writing and editing CSS code, such as Sublime Text and Visual Studio Code.
• A CSS Example: A simple example demonstrating how to apply styles to HTML elements.
• Custom CSS: How to create custom CSS rules to style web pages beyond default settings.
• Cross Browser Testing: Techniques for ensuring CSS works consistently across different browsers.
• Including CSS: Different methods of including CSS in an HTML document: inline, internal, and external.
• Validating CSS: Using validation tools to ensure CSS code meets web standards.
• Browser-Specific Prefixes: Using vendor prefixes to ensure cross-browser compatibility for new CSS features.

CSS Components

• CSS Components: Understanding the fundamental building blocks of a CSS rule.
• Rules: How CSS rules define the styles to apply to elements.
• Selectors (Grouping & Type): Explaining grouping selectors and selecting elements by type in CSS.
• Declaration Block: The section of CSS containing property-value pairs that define styles.
• Property: The specific style attribute to be applied to elements (e.g., color, font-size).
• Value: The value assigned to a CSS property (e.g., "red" for the color property).
• Keywords (Auto, Multiple & String): Understanding common keywords in CSS such as 'auto', 'multiple', and 'string'.
• Lengths: CSS unit types used for defining length properties such as px, em, and rem.
• Relative Units (px, em, ex, %): Explaining relative units like px, em, ex, and percentages used in CSS for sizing.
• Numbers: How numbers are used in CSS for various properties like font size or opacity.
• Colors: Using CSS to define colors through names, hex codes, rgb(), or hsl().
• URL(): Using the URL() function in CSS to link to resources like images or fonts.
• Quirks Mode: How older browsers may render CSS in quirks mode, causing inconsistencies.

Selectors

• Selector Basics: An introduction to basic selectors such as type, class, and id.
• Tag Selectors: Selecting elements by their tag name in CSS.
• Class Selector: Selecting HTML elements with a specific class attribute.
• ID Selectors: Targeting elements with a unique ID attribute.
• Group Selector: Combining multiple selectors to apply the same styles to different elements.
• HTML Hierarchy: Using CSS to target elements based on their position in the HTML hierarchy.
• Descendant Selector: Selecting elements that are descendants of another element.
• Universal Selector: The universal selector (*) targets all elements on a page.

Advanced Selectors

• Pseudo-classes and Pseudo-Elements: CSS selectors that style elements based on their state or structure.
• Pseudo-Classes for Links: Applying styles to links in different states (e.g., :hover, :active, :visited).
• Direct Child Selectors: Targeting elements that are direct children of a specific parent.
• Next Sibling Selector: Selecting an element that immediately follows another element.
• Attribute Selectors: Targeting elements based on their attributes and values.
• Pseudo-Elements :First-Letter and :First-Line: Styling the first letter or first line of an element's text.
• Advanced Pseudo-Classes: Using pseudo-classes like :nth-child and :not for more complex selections.
• CSS3 New Attribute Selectors: New methods for selecting elements based on attributes in CSS3.
• CSS3 New Pseudo Classes: New pseudo-classes introduced in CSS3 for more dynamic styling.

Cascade and Inheritance

• Inheritance Basics: How CSS properties are inherited from parent to child elements.
• Why Inheritance: The importance of inheritance in simplifying the application of styles.
• Inheritance Rules: The rules governing which properties are inherited by default.
• Cascade Basics: How the CSS cascade determines which styles are applied when multiple rules target the same element.
• CSS Specificity: An Overview: Understanding how CSS specificity affects the priority of rules.
• What is Specificity?: How specificity is calculated to determine which styles override others.
• Specificity Hierarchy: The hierarchy of specificity that determines which rule is applied when conflicting styles exist.
• Finding Selector’s Specificity: Techniques for calculating the specificity of a CSS selector.
• !important Usage: The proper use of the !important declaration to override other styles.

Applying Font Formatting

• Font Formatting Basics: An introduction to CSS properties for controlling fonts.
• Font-Family: Defining font families to be used for text on the webpage.
• Font Combinations: Combining different fonts to create an appealing typography.
• Font-Style: Applying styles such as italic to text.
• Font-Weight: Setting the weight (boldness) of the font.
• Text-Transform: Controlling the capitalization of text (e.g., uppercase, lowercase).
• Text-Decoration: Adding decorations like underlines, overlines, or strike-throughs to text.
• Font-Variant: Applying alternate forms of fonts, such as small caps.
• Font Size: Setting the size of the text in various units (e.g., px, em, rem).
• Font Shorthand: Combining multiple font properties into one shorthand rule.

Text Display Control

• Text Display Basics: Understanding how to control the display and alignment of text.
• Line-Height: Adjusting the height of each line of text for readability.
• Letter-Spacing: Controlling the spacing between individual letters.
• Word-Spacing: Adjusting the space between words.
• Text-Indent: Indenting text, often used for paragraphs.
• Text Align: Aligning text horizontally (left, center, right).
• White Space Property: Controlling the handling of white spaces in text.
• Adding Color to Text: Using CSS to apply colors to text and background.

Page Background

• Background Basics: Understanding background properties like color and image.
• Background-Color: Setting a solid color as the background of an element.
• Background-Image: Adding an image as a background.
• Background-Repeat: Controlling how a background image repeats.
• Background-Position: Adjusting the position of a background image.
• Background-Attachment: Fixing the background image position while scrolling.
• Background Shorthand: Combining all background-related properties into one rule.
• CSS3 Multiple Background Images and Styles: Using multiple background images and their layering in CSS3.

CSS Box Model

• Box Model Basics: Introduction to margin, border, padding, and content areas.
• Margin: Setting the outermost space around an element.
• Margin Collapsing: How margins collapse between adjacent elements.
• Margin for Horizontal Alignment: Using margins for centering elements horizontally.
• Border: Defining a border around elements.
• Padding: Adding space inside an element between its content and border.
• Height and Width: Controlling the size of elements.
• IE Quirks Mode: Understanding how IE renders elements differently in quirks mode.
• Min and Max Dimensions: Setting minimum and maximum dimensions for elements.
• Overflow Property: Controlling how overflow content is handled within elements.
• CSS3 Border Properties: New border properties introduced in CSS3 for customization.

Float

• Float Basics: Introduction to the float property and its use cases.
• Float Property: How to apply the float property to elements.
• Clear Property: Clearing floated elements to prevent layout issues.
• IE 6 Float Bugs: Addressing issues related to float bugs in Internet Explorer 6.
• Bug Removal Technique: Methods for fixing float issues in older browsers.
• Vertically Aligning Content: Techniques for aligning elements vertically within their containers.

Positioning

• Positioning Basics: Introduction to static, relative, absolute, and fixed positioning.
• Positioning Introduction: Overview of different positioning techniques.
• Relative Positioning: Positioning elements relative to their normal position.
• Absolute Positioning: Positioning elements relative to their closest positioned ancestor.
• Fixed Positioning: Fixing elements in a fixed position relative to the viewport.
• Z-INDEX: Controlling the stacking order of positioned elements.

Styling Lists

• List Styling Basics: Introduction to styling unordered, ordered, and description lists.
• List Tags: Basic HTML list tags (ul, ol, li) and how they relate to CSS.
• List-Style-Type Property: Changing the bullet style or numbering of lists.
• List-Style-Image Property: Using custom images as list item markers.
• List-Style-Position Property: Controlling the position of list item markers.
• List-Style Shorthand Property: Combining all list-style properties into one shorthand rule.

Styling Tables

• Table Styling Basics: Introduction to styling table elements like borders and spacing.
• Table Elements: Understanding table-specific elements like rows, columns, and cells.
• Captions: Styling table captions for better readability.
• Columns: Defining and styling columns in tables.
• Table Layout: Controlling the layout of tables using CSS properties.
• Borders Collapsing: Collapsing borders between table cells for a cleaner look.
• Border Spacing: Defining space between table borders.

Print Styling

• Print Styling Basics: Basic principles for creating print-specific stylesheets.
• Print Style Sheets Advantages: Benefits of using separate styles for print.
• Applying Styles Based On Media: Using media queries to apply styles depending on the output device.
• The @media rule: How to use the @media rule for responsive design.
• Page Breaks: Controlling where page breaks occur in printed content.
• Content Property: Inserting generated content using CSS.
• Print Style Sheets Tips: Practical tips for creating effective print stylesheets.

Customizing styles

• Customizing Basics: Fundamental techniques for customizing the appearance of elements.
• Custom Fonts: Using custom fonts with CSS.
• Gradient Backgrounds: Creating gradient backgrounds with CSS.
• Custom Mouse Cursor: Changing the default mouse cursor using CSS.
• Custom Opacity: Setting the transparency level of elements.
• Custom Visibility: Controlling the visibility of elements on the page.

CSS3 Enhancements

• Multiple Columns: Implementing multi-column layouts in CSS3.
• CSS3 User Interface Module: Enhancements to user interface elements in CSS3.
• Media Queries: Making web designs responsive with media queries.
• Text Effects and Typographic Styles: Applying advanced text effects like shadows, colors, and typography.
• Color, Gradient, and Opacity: Using CSS to control color, gradients, and element transparency.
• Transition and Animation: Creating smooth transitions and animations with CSS.
• 2D and 3D Transformation: Transforming elements in 2D and 3D space with CSS.

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