Purchasing Managers are responsible to buy the required products for the company at the most reasonable price possible. Purchasing manager buys the goods, services and good quality equipments required by the company at competent prices.
Purchasing Managers plays a vital role in different sectors of various organizations. They deal with supply chain management at a worldwide level and deals with risk management, sustainability and ethical issue.
To be an Effective Purchasing Manager you need to deploy

• Able to express himself and possess good networking skills
• Able to deal with numbers
• Good at Negotiating

Purchasing and supply chain management plays an important role in any organization or business.
Thus Purchasing Manager has an important role in almost all business and companies, So this field has a great scope in future.
Click here for government certification in Logistics & Supply Chain Management

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What does an Inventory Manager  do?

Inventory Management is used to determine what is present in our hand (that is the product which is available with us),where we are going to use it and what is the outcome of finished product.

Inventory management is basically used to monitor the constant flow of products in and out of current (or existing) inventory. This is done in such a way that the units which are being transferred are controlled so that they don’t reach to high level or dwindling condition where the company won’t be able to handle their demand.

Competent Inventory Management also manages cost which is associated with the inventory. It means controlling of cost which is associated with total good included in the inventory as well as tax burden which is generated on the total goods of the inventory.

To balance the various task of an inventory one need to keep in mind the three major aspects of inventory.

First aspect deals with time

This identifies how much time is taken by the supplier to prepare the order and execute its delivery to buyer.
Second Aspect deals with the time needed to transfer the goods out of inventory.
This identifies how much time is needed to transfer the products/goods prepared by the supplier out of the inventory

These two aspects identify two important aspect of a company, It helps to determine when the order must be made and how much time will it take to execute the production and delivery of that product.
Third aspect is Calculating Buffer Stock.
Buffer Stock is the additional amount of unit above or beyond the minimum number required for production to maintain production level of a company.

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They ensure that shipment is done in accordance with the rules and regulation of Import and Export.

They also hold counseling for clients who are having dilemma about insurance, tariffs and quotas.

They make categories of the shipment according to tariff coding system. It also deals with making pace and discussing with custom agents to ensure shipment is done through customs.

They also guide client on how to reduce taxes and duties owed.

Major role of these professionals lies in managing shipment of goods.

• They track the location of shipment.
• They use best and most economical method to prepare for goods of the shipment.
• They also deals with warehousing, transportation or distribution of goods.
• They helps the inventor to decide the amount of insurance over the shipment.

Requirements for this position

• Most positions require a bachelor degree for this post or an experience of five years
• Computer and management skills are also required for this position.
• Proficiency in other language is also desirable
• Certified professional is preferred

Click here for government certification in Foreign Trade

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What are the function and responsibilities of a distributor manager in an organization?

Distributor manager are responsible for  distribution and storage of goods.

They ensure right product are delivered at the economical price to the right people and at the right time. They may be involved in stock control, warehousing, transportation and monitoring of the proper flow of goods,  This require prior knowledge of supply chain management to ensure there is effective coordination between supplier of raw material,  manufacturer, retailer and consumer.

Responsibilities of Distributor manager

• In this one needs to manage levels and amounts of stocks,  transportation costs and delivery charges which is done by using computers.
• Use data from previous entries  done on computer to ensure a better performance next time and plan improvements.
• Staff management according to current requirements, this may involve reallocating them according to changes occurred.
• Grow business by arranging new contracts.
• Understanding and analyzing logistical problem and generating a solution for it.
• Monitor the development of business products within  legislation constraints.
• Deal with fuel cost and environment pressure

In addition to this there are other responsibilities of a distributor manager like

• Implement safety and health measures
• Managing the training issues of Staff Members
• Motivate other staff members
• Manage the projects and set objective
• Plan the optimal path for delivery route
• Implement new strategies’ of supply chain

So these are various requirements of distributor manager.This field requires people who can work away from home.

Click here for government certification in Logistics & Supply Chain Management

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Click here for government certification in Security

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1. What is an Embedded System? Give some examples of embedded system in daily life.

Ans. Embedded System is a system which hides a small computation unit
inside. This computer is not general purpose computer like our Desktop PC but a
small microcontroller or microprocessor. Embedded System is designed to
perform specific tasks. Best example of an Embedded System is our mobile
phone which includes a processing unit or no. of processing units along with
peripherals like keypad/touchpad, touch screen, LCD, Communication modules
etc.
There are other examples like Electronic System in washing machine, ATM
machine, front panel of Microwave oven, printers, TV, set top boxes, Remote
control, Dashboard of a 4-wheeler and many more. If you observe carefully we
are surrounded by a no. of embedded system and use them very frequently in
our day to day life.

2. What are basic features of an Embedded System?

A good embedded system must possess following features…
Microcontroller based
Software driven
Reliable
Real time control system
Autonomous and human interactive
Operating on diverse physical variables
Operating in diverse environments

3. What are various categories of an Embedded System based on
complexity?

Ans. Embedded Systems can be broadly classified in three categories…
a. Small Scale – 8/16 bit CPU, little hardware, less software
complexity, no RTOS, battery operated.
b. Medium scale – 16/32 bit uC or DSPs, Complex hardware and
software design, RTOS source code engg tool, IDE.
c. Sophisticated – Configurable processors, Cutting edge applications,
highly complex hardware and software design

4. Why PC can’t be treated as an Embedded System?

Ans. Of course PC is also embedded with a processing unit but still it can not be
called as an Embedded System. The reason is very clear that PC is not supposed
to do a specific task. For a bank employee PC is accountings add for his work
while for an engineer it is designs add. For a doctor PC helps to analyze patient
reports and for children it’s more like video game or a communication system to
stay connected with their friends through social networking websites. Hence PC
has different applications for different people; hence it cannot be treated as an
embedded system.

5. What is difference between a PC based System and an
Embedded System?

Ans. A PC based system is bulky hence difficult to be deployed specially in
remote areas. For example if one wants a data logger system to monitor all the
processes and events in an aircraft or on a hilly area, PC is never a suitable
option. In this case an Embedded System can do the job well consuming very
small space. Also PC based system are not so cost efficient and as reliable as
embedded systems.

6. If embedded systems are so important and popular than why PCs still exist, why can’t we use embedded systems instead of PCs?

Ans. Well PC works with operating systems and they support comprehensive
cross compilers for generating executable files for embedded systems. Hence we
can never ignore the importance of PCs

7. What are the main components of an Embedded System?

Ans. Components of an embedded system depends on the application it is
intended to perform. Generally an embedded system contains sensors,
processor(s) and actuators. Main components of an embedded system are
Processor, Memory, Peripherals like Keypad, LCD etc.
We can classify these components in three categories
a. Hardware includes sensors, actuators, Processor, RAM, ROM,
ADC, DAC, Timers, Ports etc.
b. Software includes System software and Application software. A
system software can be a scheduler or an RTOS (Real Time
Operating System).
c. Firmware responsible for running hardware components like disk
drivers, protocol gateways etc.

8. What’s difference between a microcontroller and microprocessor?

Ans. Microcontroller has a CPU along with various peripherals like timers,
I/Os, Serial communication modules, Memory etc integrated on a single chip
while microprocessor doesn’t. It has to be connected will all these externally as
Microprocessor just has a CPU core on a chip.

9.If microcontroller is so powerful then why don’t they use a microcontroller instead of microprocessor for desktops and laptops?

Ans. Actually in Desktop PCs and Laptops space efficiency is not as important
as in mobile phones or other handy gadgets. Also much is expected from a
Desktop or Laptop hence it’s better to integrate highly efficient processor in
terms of speed and data handling capability with peripherals outside the chip i.e.
on a mother board.

10. What’s difference between Harvard and Von Neumann
architecture?

Ans. In Von Neumann architecture instructions and data are stored together in
a common memory space while in Harvard they are stored separately.
Harvard architecture has separate data and instruction busses, allowing
transfers to be performed simultaneously on both busses. Von Neumann
architecture or Princeton architecture has only one bus which is used for
both data transfers and instruction fetches, and therefore data transfers and
instruction fetches must be scheduled – they cannot be performed at the same
time.

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Textile Designing is the technique of creating different textile designs on fabrics which can be dyed, printed or woven together.Textile design may seem to be similar but each design have a different characteristic. Fabrics can be natural or synthetic.

What is the task of Textile Designer?

Textile Designers usually work for a large textile manufacturer. They can even work for a specific group of fashion designers or interior designers, during this their task is to produce best textile design with appealing group for the group they are working for.

Which kind of Skills a Textile Designer need?

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“Iris recognition” technology is an attractive technology for identity management.Iris recognition provides accurate identity authentication without passwords, PIN numbers  or cards.Enrollment takes less than 2 minutes and authentication takes less than 2 seconds.

Do you know Iris is the external visible colored ring around the pupil of human eye. The inner edge of the iris is located by an iris scan algorithm which maps the iris distinct pattern and characteristics. This technology is stable, unique, flexible, reliable and non-invasive.Numbers of developing countries are considering iris scan technology for national ID. It is estimated that the chance of 2 iris (irides) being identical is 1 in 1078 .

This image explains in brief about the iris scanners ,” how iris is localized and way input is given, the mathematical steps involved for localizing, the generation of iris code and comparisons it makes” . Moreover it demonstrate the practical applications of iris scanners- and case study of how it has been implemented in Airports and in Banks . Finally we compare all those biometric techniques with iris scanners and state how it is superior to other biometrics. On seeing all these advantages we can come to a conclusion that “iris recognition biometric is the best way to implement smart security systems”   

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