Accessibility Testing

Accessibility testing is a subset of usability testing where the users under consideration have disabilities that affect how they use the web.


Q.1 What is the purpose of accessibility testing?
Accessibility testing is a sort of software testing that ensures that the programme under test is useable by persons with disabilities such as hearing loss, colour blindness, senior citizens, and other disadvantaged groups. Usability Testing is a subset of this.
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Q.2 What is the best way to conduct accessibility testing?
There are two methods for conducting accessibility testing: Manual Automated
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Q.3 Explain the purpose of Accessibility testing.
Accessibility testing is mostly used to accommodate people with disabilities such as: Hearing Deficiency: This refers to a person's inability to hear or hear clearly, as well as sensory impairments including hearing disabilities and deafness. People who have difficulty reading are said to have a learning impairment. Physical Disabilities: People with this sort of disability are unable to operate a keyboard or mouse with one hand, resulting in difficulties with hand tasks, muscle detention, and diminished motor abilities. Visual Impairments: Complete blindness, low vision abilities, colour blindness, flashing effect issues, and visual strobe are all examples of visual impairments. A person with cognitive deficiency will have poor memory, be unable to understand increasingly complicated events, and have learning difficulties.
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Q.4 What is Web Accessibility?
Web accessibility is the inclusive practise of ensuring that no barriers exist that hinder persons with physical impairments, situational limitations, and socioeconomic bandwidth and speed restrictions from interacting with or accessing websites on the World Wide Web. When websites are properly planned, created, and edited, all users have access to the same information and capabilities.
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Q.5 What is WCAG?
The Web Content Accessibility Rules are part of a set of web accessibility guidelines issued by the World Wide Web Consortium's Web Accessibility Initiative, the primary worldwide standards body for the Internet.
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Q.6 Explain Google LightHouse.
Google Lighthouse is an open-source, automated web page quality measurement tool. It can be used on any web page, whether it is public or requires authentication. Google Lighthouse evaluates web page performance, accessibility, and search engine optimization.
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Q.7 Define Unit Testing.
Unit Testing is a sort of software testing that examines individual software units or components. The goal is to ensure that each unit of software code works as intended. Unit testing is carried out by developers throughout the development (coding) phase of an application. Unit tests are used to isolate a part of code and ensure that it is correct. An singular function, method, process, module, or object might be considered a unit.
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Q.8 What is Integration Testing?
Integration testing is a sort of testing in which software modules are conceptually connected and tested as a unit. A typical software project is made up of several software modules written by various programmers. The goal of this level of testing is to find flaws in the way various software modules interact when they're combined.
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Q.9 Explain Manual Testing.
Manual testing is a type of software testing in which test cases are run by hand rather than using an automated tool. All test cases are manually executed by the tester from the perspective of the end user. It determines whether or not the application meets the requirements specified in the requirement document. To finish nearly 100% of the software application, test cases are created and implemented. Manually created test case reports are also available.
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Q.10 What is the significance of type in the input?
For screenreader users, the HTML type attribute is critical. The types will assist them in determining the input type as well as the security rationale for the password field. If the password type is not specified, the screenreader will read the password aloud to the user.
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Q.11 Why to do Accessibility Testing?
Accessibility on the Internet Testing ensures that web/mobile applications are accessible to people with disabilities such as blindness, hearing loss, and motor or cognitive impairments. Web accessibility testing guarantees that web information is accessible to everyone without any restrictions.
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Q.12 Explain Big Bang Testing.
The Big Bang Integration testing is a technique in which all software components (modules) are brought together at the same time to create a complex system. The integration of the various elements is subsequently put to the test as a whole. The integration process will not be started until all components have been completed, according to this verification technique.
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Q.13 What exactly is ARIA? How will you choose ARIA tags while developing a Tab module?
ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Application) is the acronym for Accessible Rich Internet Application. Screenreader users will benefit from ARIA. It will not make a visual change. The HTML tags are lacking a lot of tags, states, and properties. In addition, many of the custom modules we create, like as carousels and pagination, are not described in the HTML. Screenreader users will be unable to comprehend these. ARIA defines the responsibilities, characteristics, and states for screenreaders in order to convey information about such modules. In a nutshell, ARIA serves as a link between HTML's missing information and screenreaders.
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Q.14 What is an accessibility tree, exactly?
The accessibility tree exists in the same way as the DOM does. This tree can also be seen in the debuggers for Firefox and Chrome. This allows the developer to examine how accessibility components such as role, focusable, alt tag, aria-labeldby, and others are applied.
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Q.15 How do people with vision impairments use mobile devices?
Screenreaders come pre-installed on mobile devices. Those are used by disabled individuals to utilise mobile phones.
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Q.16 What is usability and accessibility testing?
  • Usability testing is a type of software testing which tests a software application on the level of usability or easiness that an end-user will have in using the application under test. During usability testing, the end-user is monitored by the tester or researcher, for ease of their task completion, any issue or problems being faced.
  • Accessibility testing is a part of usability testing and involves testing of application under test, for being usable by people with disabilities as in age, motion, hearing, vision, even literacy.

Vskills provides learning and assessment with Government certification on usability and accessibility testing at link -  https://www.vskills.in/certification/testing/usability-testing-certification and https://www.vskills.in/certification/testing/accessibility-testing-certification

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Q.17 Why is accessibility testing important?

Accessibility testing is important as it is needed due to

-          Application usage by persons  with various issues like

o   color blind

o   low vision

o   hearing loss or deaf

o   motor related issue

o   physical disability

o   cognitive disability

o   old age persons

o   low literacy

o   disadvantaged persons

-          complying with local legislations related to access by disabled and disadvantaged persons

-          avoid law suit as disadvantaged and disabled persons had filed lawsuits for inaccessible software

-          increase user base amongst disadvantaged and disabled persons

-          garner quick adaptation by the end user

-          company or application is more socially responsible and better image

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Q.18 What is a Accessibility?

Accessibility means the ability of service or product, to being accessed by disadvantaged and disabled persons, as

-          color blind

-          low vision

-          hearing loss or deaf

-          motor related issue

-          physical disability

-          cognitive disability

-          old age persons

-          low literacy

-          disadvantaged persons

Accessibility is about making product or service being usable by disadvantaged and disabled persons.

High accessibility shows being social responsible by the product or service.

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Q.19 Can accessibility testing be automated?

Accessibility testing can be automated by using automated accessibility testing tools for testing of application.

Accessibility testing involves making test cases to test the application for use by disadvantaged and disabled persons, as

-          color blind

-          low vision

-          hearing loss or deaf

-          motor related issue

-          physical disability

-          cognitive disability

-          old age persons

-          low literacy

-          disadvantaged persons

Application is tested by automated tools for use by persons with any of above disability.

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Q.20 Is accessibility testing functional or nonfunctional?

Yes, accessibility testing can be functional testing if we validate the functioning of the application against the functional requirements only.

But, accessibility testing focuses on usage by disadvantaged and disabled persons  and ease with which they can learn and use the application.

Hence, though accessibility testing is not functional testing but can be used as functional testing if desired or specified for same.

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Q.21 What is Agile methodology in testing?

Agile methodology in testing means testing as per Agile principles which involves continuous testing as per continuous development or delivery of software during software development life cycle. Testing and development takes place simultaneously.

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Q.22 What Are the Four Major Categories of Accessibility?

The Four Major Categories of Accessibility as per WCAG or Web Content Accessibility Guidelines -

·         Perceivable - user can comprehend the information

·         Operable - user can use, navigate the information

·         Understandable - user can Understand the information

·         Robust - information is interpreted reliably

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Q.23 What are the types of functional testing?

The different types of functional testing are as per classification criteria like test levels ( unit/integration) testing to be done on (UI/function) or what to test (load test / stress test/etc)

Functional testing involves testing the application against the functional requirements and focusing on input and output and if they meet the laid requirements.

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Q.24 How is accessibility testing done?

Accessibility Testing is done by using tools to test for accessibility by disadvantaged and disabled persons having issues like

-          color blind

-          low vision

-          hearing loss or deaf

-          motor related issue

-          physical disability

-          cognitive disability

-          old age persons

-          low literacy

-          disadvantaged persons

Accessibility testing is done by testing manually or using automated tools.

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Q.25 What is accessibility tools?

Accessibility tools are applications or agents used by disadvantaged and disabled persons to use an application software which has been tested for accessibility, navigatable and is usable by them.

Various accessibility tools usually includes

-          Screen readers for vision and hearing disability

-          Color scheme changer for color blind persons

-          Local language selection for low literacy persons

-          Accessibility plug ins and add-ons for old age and physical disability

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Q.26 Why do we need accessibility?

We need accessibility as it is needed due to

-          increase user base amongst disadvantaged and disabled persons having issues like

o   color blind

o   low vision

o   hearing loss or deaf

o   motor related issue

o   physical disability

o   cognitive disability

o   old age persons

o   low literacy

o   disadvantaged persons

-          complying with local legislations if legal bounded

-          avoid law suit by disadvantaged and disabled persons

-          more socially responsible and better image  

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Q.27 What is an example of accessibility?

An example of accessibility is website with following features

-          support for screen readers

-          audio and video of information for accessible by disadvantaged and disabled persons

-          able to select local language

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Q.28 What are accessibility features?

Accessibility features are features in a website or application software so that it is accessible by disadvantaged and disabled persons having issues like

-          color blind

-          low vision

-          hearing loss or deaf

-          motor related issue

-          physical disability

-          cognitive disability

-          old age persons

-          low literacy

-          disadvantaged persons

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Q.29 What are accessibility issues?

Accessibility issues include

-          color blind

-          low vision

-          hearing loss or deaf

-          motor related issue

-          physical disability

-          cognitive disability

-          old age persons

-          low literacy

-          disadvantaged persons

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Q.30 What is accessibility mode?

Accessibility mode is the mode or environment which helps disadvantaged and disabled persons to access and use the application software. In Microsoft windows the accessibility mode has various options like magnifier, screen reading, speech recognition, etc

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Q.31 What is mobile accessibility testing?

Mobile accessibility testing is testing of mobile software, applications and websites  for being accessible. Mobile accessibility testing is a part of usability testing and involves testing of application under test, for being usable by people with disabilities as in age, motion, hearing, vision, even literacy.

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Q.32 What is localization testing?

Localization testing is a type of software testing and involves testing of application under test, for being compliance to local language or culture.

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Q.33 What is meant by smoke testing?

Smoke testing is done in earlier stages of software development when the software build has many errors, to detect the correct working of crucial functionality.

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Q.34 How do you implement accessibility?

To implement accessibility, incorporate it in design stage of development so that the product or service can be used by disadvantaged and disabled persons and is accessible to them.

The product or service should have features to support accessibility features like screen readers, addressing color blindness, speech recognition, etc.

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Q.35 Which of the following is an example of assistive technology?

An example of assistive technology is screen reader which reads out information present on the screen like voice instructions on an ATM machine.

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Q.36 What is the difference between accessibility and usability?

The difference between accessibility and usability is as

Usability testing is a type of software testing which tests a software application on level of usability or easiness that an end user will have in using the application under test. During usability testing, the end user is monitored by the tester or researcher, for ease of their task completion, any issue or problems being faced.

Accessibility testing is a part of usability testing and involves testing of application under test, for being usable by people with disabilities as in age, motion, hearing, vision, even literacy.  Accessibility testing is done manually or by using automated tools.

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Q.37 Why is accessibility important for students with disabilities?

Accessibility is important for students with disabilities as it enables them to access information, use it, grasp more information to make decisions and be independent and do not require support of others for tasks.

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Q.38 Why is accessibility good for a business?

Accessibility is good for a business as

-          increase user base amongst disadvantaged and disabled persons having issues like

o   color blind

o   low vision

o   hearing loss or deaf

o   motor related issue

o   physical disability

o   cognitive disability

o   old age persons

o   low literacy

o   disadvantaged persons

-          complying with local legislations if legal bounded

-          avoid law suit by disadvantaged and disabled persons

-          more socially responsible and better image 

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Q.39 What does accessibility mean in business?

Accessibility mean in business, is that the product or service is accessible by disadvantaged and disabled persons having issues like

  •     color blind
  •     low vision
  •     hearing loss or deaf
  •     motor related issue
  •     physical disability
  •     cognitive disability
  •     old age persons
  •     low literacy
  •     disadvantaged persons
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Q.40 What is an accessibility audit?

An accessibility audit is an audit of accessibility compliance by the product or service.  It assesses the level of accessibility compliance and which of disadvantaged and disabled persons can access the product or service.

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Q.41 What does accessibility checker do?

Accessibility checker is present in Microsoft office to check accessibility of a Microsoft Office document.

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Q.42 What is accessibility in mobile?

Accessibility in mobile or mobile accessibility means how well mobile software, applications and websites  in a mobile phone are accessible to disadvantaged and disabled persons having issues like

  •     color blind
  •     low vision
  •     hearing loss or deaf
  •     motor related issue
  •     physical disability
  •     cognitive disability
  •     old age persons
  •     low literacy
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Q.43 What is Google accessibility?

Google accessibility is accessibility initiatives by Google.

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Q.44 Does Chrome have a screen reader?

Yes, Chrome have a screen reader called ChromeVox.

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Q.45 What are accessibility services?

Accessibility services are services or software which makes a software application accessible to disadvantaged and disabled persons. Accessibility services on mobile or accessibility software on computer, helps easy navigation and usage by disadvantaged and disabled persons

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Q.46 Where do I find accessibility?

Accessibility is present in specific menus in mobile or computer. Microsoft has accessibility feature for screen reading, etc and Android/iPhone also have accessibility feature. It is usually at Settings -> Accessibility.

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Q.47 What is an accessibility evaluation tool?

Accessibility evaluation tool are software or web service which help in evaluation of application software or websites or web services. Accessibility evaluation tool may be paid or free for use.

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Q.48 Why is ADA compliant?

ADA compliant means complying to various provisions of ADA or The Americans with Disabilities Act.

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Q.49 What is universal design in architecture?

Universal design in architecture focuses on making physical structures like buildings, etc being accessible by all including disadvantaged and disabled persons.

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Q.50 What is check accessibility in Word?

Check accessibility in Word is a tool to check for accessibility of a Microsoft Office document in Word. It shows errors, tips to make it more accessible for disadvantaged and disabled persons.

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Q.51 Where is the accessibility checker in Excel?

Accessibility checker in Excel is file menu, under info option.

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Q.52 How do I run Accessibility Checker in PowerPoint?
Accessibility Checker in PowerPoint can be run from file menu, then click “Info” .
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Q.53 Is there any certification for Accessibility testing?

Yes, Accessibility testing certification is at link - https://www.vskills.in/certification/testing/accessibility-testing-certification

 

Vskills offers following deliverables

-          Online video based, e-learning LMS

-          Hard copy to candidates residing in India

-          Practice tests for assessing your knowledge

-          Government certification

-          Alumni already working in software organizations like Accenture, Cognizant, IBM, TCS, etc



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Q.54 Is there any good link to practice my Accessibility testing skills?

Yes, link to practice Accessibility testing skills is at link - https://www.vskills.in/practice/accessibility-testing-questions

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