Electronics basics

Electronics is the branch of physics and engineering that deals with the study of the behavior and control of electrons (or other charged particles) in devices that use them for information processing and communication. Here are some basic concepts in electronics:

Current: Current is the flow of electric charge through a circuit, and is measured in amperes (A). It is represented by the symbol “I”.

Voltage: Voltage is the difference in electrical potential energy between two points in a circuit, and is measured in volts (V). It is represented by the symbol “V”.

Resistance: Resistance is the measure of the degree to which an object opposes the passage of electric current, and is measured in ohms (Ω). It is represented by the symbol “R”.

Capacitance: Capacitance is the ability of a device or material to store an electric charge, and is measured in farads (F). It is represented by the symbol “C”.

Inductance: Inductance is the property of a circuit component that opposes any change in current flowing through it, and is measured in henries (H). It is represented by the symbol “L”.

Diode: A diode is a two-terminal electronic component that allows current to flow in only one direction.

Transistor: A transistor is a three-terminal electronic component that can amplify or switch electronic signals.

Integrated circuit: An integrated circuit (IC) is a complex electronic circuit consisting of many small components, such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors, all integrated onto a single piece of semiconductor material.

Printed circuit board: A printed circuit board (PCB) is a board made of insulating material with conductive pathways etched on it, which provides a platform for mounting and connecting electronic components. Microcontroller: A microcontroller is a small computer on a single integrated circuit that is designed to control specific functions in electronic devices.