A smart city is one which adopts smart solutions for an efficient use of available resources and well equipped with basic infrastructure to give a quality of life and create a hygienic and sustainable environment.An assurance of adequate supply of water and electricity in a city,solid waste management,facilities of public transport,sanitation,safety and security of citizens are the factors that would make a smart and better city.Here are the following smart solutions which will be adopted viz grievance redressal system, 100% treatment of waste water,monitors the quality of water,renewable source of energy,garner public information for an ultimate decision of an issue,smart parking,organized and systematic traffic management etc.Prime Minister ‘Naredra Modi’ had announced his vision for the subsequent years to set up 100 smart cities across the country soon.Now, next step will be the identification of 100 cities.Currently,the plan is 20 cities in this year and 40 each in the next two consecutive years.Following are the plans for development of areas of a smart city-
a) Retrofitting 500 acres: Planning an existing built-up area in a municipal ward.
b) Greenfield 250 acres: Will introduce smart solutions in a vacant area by using very innovative planning.
c) Redevelopment 50 acres: Replacement of an existing built-up area and will prepare a new layout plan by enhancing infrastructure.
Here are the five main elements of the proposed smart cities which is identified by the Urban Development Ministry-
a) A transport system that emphasizes on public transport which will be a key element.
b) In social infrastructure,the cities should provide ample opportunities for jobs and livelihood for the local population.
c)The smart cities should minimize waste by increasing energy efficiency.Proper recycling of waste materials should also be done.
d) The smart cities should also have proper facilities for entertainment and the safety and security of the people.
e) In terms of basic infrastructure the smart cities should have 24×7 availability of services like water and power.

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Capgemini is a French multinational consulting corporation headquartered in Paris,France.It provides IT services and is one of the world’s largest consulting,outsourcing and professional services company.It was founded in 1967 by Serge Kampf,current vice chairman in Grenoble,France.Services are delivered through four disciplines-Consulting,Technology,Outsourcing, and local Professional services.

Capgemini plans to buy United States based IGate Corp for $4 billion cash to make North America its biggest share of market.IGate is a technology and services company with strength in the financial services sector and also plays a role in retail,manufacturing and healthcare.In 2014,IGate company earned a revenue of $1.3 billion.It is a double digit growth company and a 19 percent operating margin.Igate has about 80 percent of its operations in North America which capgemini said is”by far the largest and most innovative technology and services market in the world”. The deal will be financed through a combination of capgemini’s own cash,debt and an equity portion that will not exceed a 6 percent dilution of the French company’s share capital.Also capgemini said it had the backing of shareholders which represents 54 percent of IGate’s share capital and the deal will enhance earnings by 12 percent in 2016 and 16 percent in 2017.Capgemini said in a separate statement that sales grew by 10.5 percent in the first quarter and raised its 2015 growth target to at least 5 percent from its previous forecast of between 3 percent and 5 percent.A deal will require various regulatory approvals and is expected to close in the second half of this year.An acquisition will strengthen Capgemini’s business in application and infrastructure services as well as in business process outsourcing and engineering services.’IGate is a leading company that perfectly fits our strategic ambition’, CEO Paul Hermelin of capgemini said in his statement and ‘it will give us a new status in the American market’. In addition to the geographic and portfolio perks,the deal will also widens Capgemini’s client base with existing IGate customers like General electric and Royal Bank Of Canada.

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Maker of Xiaomi has announced that Ratan Tata,chairman emeritus of Tata Sons,has made an investment in the company.It is an first investment made by an Indian in this company.Lei Jun,Founder and Chief Executive Officer of Xiaomi said,’Ratan Tata is one of the well-respected business leaders.An investment by him is an affirmation of the strategy undertaken by them in India so far’.Xiaomi is one of the fastest growing companies in the world.Till now,’it has brought innovative business models and high quality products to India’-Ratan Tata said in his statement.Xiaomi is planning to bring more products to India-a market which will be its main focus in 2015 and where it wants to be number one in five years.Not yet the size of the investment has been disclosed and this is an investment contributed in his personal capacity not by Tata Group.
According to the Xiaomi company,Ratan Tata will act as an advisor in the subsequent years for them so that they can seek his advice on how do they truly build Indian company.’We can’t think of a better advisor than him’ said by Manu Jain( Xiaomi India Head).Lei Jun founded Xiaomi in 2010.Xiaomi launched its much awaited Mi4i smartphone exclusively in India on 23rd April in the New Delhi unveiling its salient features that supports six Indian languages at rupees 12999 only. A company has adopted a flash sales based distribution model through an exclusive tie-up with online marketplace ‘Flipkart’.Mr. Ratan Tata is very excited about Xiaomi and of plans for India.Tata’s investment in Xiaomi comes against the backdrop of an aggressive push by Xiaomi in India after entering the market which has gain huge potential growth which came in July,2014.Yet,Xiaomi sold 61 million smartphones in 2014 and it ranks third in the world.CEO Lei Jun previously projected that the figure would reach 100 million in 2015 and which is possible only through international expansion and new devices.According to him India is sure to be a key factor in making that happen.An investment made by Ratan Tata is another indicator of Xiaomi’s ambition in achieving it in India.

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On Saturday that is 25th April 2015,earthquake slams in Nepal with a magnitude of 7.9 and strong tremors were felt across across the Himalayan nation and parts of India.It was one of the worst earthquake in the recent history.Historic buildings were destroyed in the capital city of Nepal ‘Kathmandu’,including the capital’s 19th century Darahara Temple landmark in which it is found more than 200 people were missing.The force of an earthquake knocked out the telephone networks.What was the cause of occurring such disaster in the region of Nepal? As Nepal occupies that part of Earth where one of our planet’s great tectonic plates are there which pushes one another as a consequence earthquake hits.From the recent news it is found more than 3000 people are dead and thousands of people are injured.Thousands of people in Kathmandu spend their nights outside of their homes.An epicenter(the part if Earth’s surface that is directly above the place where an earthquake starts) of the earthquake was 80 km of Kathmandu,a city with a population about one million and at a depth of 31 km.Nepal’s city of Kathmandu has been left devastated with roads open and homes and iconic landmarks collapsed.Nepal was struck by the worst earthquake 80 years back in 1934 which measured 8.0 magnitude and destroyed the cities of Kathmandu,Bhaktapur and Patan.As the tremors of earthquake began to intensify,residents ran out of homes and buildings in panic and large cracks on streets and walls.Nepal’s government is struggling in rescuing victims of the earthquake and in providing adequate relief to survivors terrified by powerful aftershocks.Supplies of water,food and electricity are limited.The death toll is expected to rise.Ten of thousands of people lost their homes and facing a scarcity of safe shelter.Teams from India,China,U.S have joined the government of Nepal in rescuing efforts.Hospitals in Nepal are struggling to treat thousands of injured people.Mostly injured people are suffering from fractures and head wounds.Homeless people take refuge in the hospital and making the already worse scene worst.Widespread devastation and landslides is preventing access to provide aid in many villages.A major disaster like this will send an entire generation of Nepalese backward in economic development and it will take many years for the recovery of a country.

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A Japanese magnetic train has broken its own world speed record by covering 603km/h in a test run near Mount Fuji.It is like a miracle.’Maglev’ is an abbreviation of ‘Magnetic levitation’.Maglev trains use electronically charged magnets to lift and move carriages above the rail tracks.The train reached 603 km/h in a test run surpassed its previous record of 581 km/h in 2003 said by operator of Central Japan Railway.How a maglev train works?Here is a answer-A maglev’s train has a long line of electromagnets.These pull the train from the front and push it from behind.The electromagnets are powered by controlled alternating currents which continually propels to forward the train.There is a difference between a maglev train and a conventional train is that train do not have an engine.an engine for maglev train is inconspicuous(not very easy to see or notice). Instead of using fuel,the magnetic field produced by the electrified colls in the guideway walls and the track combines to propel the train.A new high speed record by Japan has led many to ask how long India will starts setting similar records in train speeds.Well,India may still be many years away from kick starting high speed rail record.Critics of the Japanese maglev system said that the technology is too expensive,power intensive,and potentially unsafe.Japanese engineers said that their system can deal with this and the continuing tests will prove the safety and efficiency of this new technology.After decades of research and development,Japan’s technology will shape a new generation of trains.Passengers will not be able to experience the maglev’s record breaking speed because the company said its trains will operate at a maximum speed of 505km/h.In comparison of this,the fastest operating speed of a Japanese Shinkansen or bullet train is 320 km/h.Central Japan Railway wants to commence the service between the Tokyo and the central city of Nagoya by 2027.If completed as planned in 2027,280 km/h distance between the two will be travelled in only 40 minutes.Japan is hoping to sell its high speed train technology to the U.S.

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Google made a major update to its mobile search algorithm(a set of instructions which can be performed in a prescribed sequence) on 21st April that will change the order in which the websites are ranked. An algorithm will be start favoring mobile-friendly websites like large texts, links can be easily open and resize it according to the screen and also rank them which are higher in search.

The websites which are not friendly will get crush down. A large number of businesses are going to be crush down when the number of users to their websites will start declining. Suppose if a person search restaurant in a particular area on Google they will see a decrease in web traffic as a consequence of this update. Google has always shows good signs in terms of the content and the services provided by it. A change in Google brought as it is not sufficient to have the good and right content but it is also necessary that the content will be easily readable by the users and they will not find any difficulty in opening a link in their mobile phone.

Mostly people are using Google for surfing on their mobile phone so Google wants users to have a good experience. It is found by a marketing company Sumo that s bunch of big brands like American Apparel, the Daily Mail and there are many more all get shattered due to this update. This change could be ‘apocalyptic'(a sudden happening that causes a tremendous amount of loss) for millions of websites and which could find that they have lost their ranking and earned a nickname”Mobile-Geddon”.

If a business does not have a mobile optimized version of their website then the fault is of business.’I didn’t know the change was coming’ said by Jasdeep Narang who owns a web development agency called Metaware labs. A good thing is about 70% of his clients have mobile friendly sites already. For that 30% that don’t have it have to do lots of work to restore their ranking in Google’s search. Google first announced its update back in February, giving webmasters a time of almost 2 months to make the changes which are necessary to keep their sites mobile friendly. As a result, who haven’t update their websites yet will get crush down and suffers a loss.

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In the current scenario, advent of computer is in every field.In business firms also,computerized accounting is used instead of manual accounting so as to bring efficient decision making and reporting.There is a reason behind replacing the manual accounting as book keeping which has been done manually is a very long procedure.Firstly,cash transactions are recorded in cash book and non cash transactions in the subsidiary books and then the amounts from cash book and and subsidiary books are posted into respective ledgers.To prepare final accounts for any particular period,it is necessary to ascertain closing balance of ledgers of that period.For closing balance,one has to total the debit and credit amounts and find their difference and that difference is transferred to the trial balance.Since posting,balancing and totaling which are done manually give rise to enough errors in it.Also,it consumes a lot of effort.While in computerized accounting,we have to create all the ledgers and enter opening balance(in the subsequent years we need not to create the ledgers again and carry forward previous year’s closing balance as opening balance since it would be carried forward on own by a software) and classify under relevant account group which tells the software the nature of the ledger and thereby where it will appear.Therefore all the transactions should be entered in vouchers.Everything else like posting to ledger,preparation of trial balance,final accounts etc will be done by the software.In manual book keeping,it is required to pass journal entries which is not required in the computerized accounting.The software does this task on it own.Therefore,there are so many advantages of computerized accounting.One of the advantage is our accounts are always open and if any changes are to be done it can be done instantly.However,a software which has been developed by India for computerized accounting is Tally.There are certain steps for creation of final accounts in Tally which are as-Company creation,groups formation,identification of ledgers within the groups and vouchers creation.It has become easy to do accounting since manual accounting have been replaced over computerized accounting.

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AAP (Aam Aadmi Party) is an Indian political party came into existence on 26th November 2012 and it is currently the ruling party of Delhi.In the current year,in Delhi Legislative Assembly Election AAP won 67 out of 70 seats.The Aam Aadmi Party is disappointed from the Union Budget which has been presented by the Finance Minister,Mr. Arun Jaitley.The party has great expectations from the Modi government especially on the issues of price rise and job creation.There is nothing mentioned on these two issues in the budget.Mr. Arun Jaitley said all those areas have been covered in the budget through which macro economic has been restored and conditions for sustainable poverty elimination and double digit economic growth.’Missed opportunity’ has been termed for the budget by Aam Aadmi Party as it fails to meet the expectations of common man.The party also raised questions on major cuts in social expenditure.It is observed by the AAP that there was no mentioning of funds for power and water reforms for which Narendra Modi government gave 500 crores and 200 crores for both the sectors respectively.The government’s budget 2015-16 has none of the AAP’s agenda.The budget is billed to bring a rapid change to rebuild the economy,alter the foreign policy and strengthen the defence.Leader of AAP(Arvind Kejriwal) aiming to lit the life of the ordinary citizens and to tackle corruption.But here full budget exercise is focusing on more macro agenda than on micro issues.Some of the challenges which our country is facing mentioned by the Finance Minister which are as- poor agricultural income,decline in manufacturing sector and it is need of the hour for fiscal discipline.There were expectations of AAP that their agenda should be taken concern in the Union budget.But it didn’t happened so.This time middle class and poor people will suffer.Government has passed on the burden to common man and poor people by raising service tax to 14%. Earlier it was 12.36%. However,this time union budget for the year 2015-16 is not as per the expectation of the AAP.

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CRPF(Central Reserve Police Force) is the largest India’s Central Armed Police Force.It assist the Union Territories or State in police operations to maintain law and order. A civilian(Suhail Ahmed Sofi) was shot dead by security forces in the Kashmir Valley on Saturday during a strike called by hardline Hurriyat Conference against the killing of two youths in an army operation in Tral, Insisting the authorities to register a murder case for the same.

Two other young boys were injured in firing by the Central Reserve Police Force on Saturday in Budgam district of Jammu and Kashmir during the protest and they are in under going treatment. An incident which crop up indicated that the security forces had violated the Standard Operating Procedures during the incident. Standard Operating Procedures is a procedure which is specific to the operation that describes the activities to complete task or job in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed for it.

Additional Deputy Commissioner has been asked to investigate about the incident which led to the death of a young boy. The death of a young boy sparked more violence in the area.The security forces came under heavy stone pelting.To control the situation they fired. CRPF(Central Police Reserve Force) spokesman Ashish Kumar said that the matter is being investigating.”We are trying to find who had opened fire on the protestors”. Authorities described the detention of separatists leader as a ‘preventive measure’ for maintaining law and order. The leader of the hardline Hurriyat Faction Syed Ani Shah Geelani is already under house arrest.

The spokesman said”we regret an unfortunate incident and extend our sympathies to the deceased family members.Killing of a third person in the Budgam district is a worst example of state terrorism. Now, FIR(First Information Report) had been lodged for this tragic incident. A stringent action should be taken for the armed force. There is a hope that investigation would be taken to the logical conclusion and action should be taken against the personnel who is involved in an incident

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Net Neutrality which means fairness or impartiality on the internet. As it is clear from the two terms that there should be fairness in treating all data on the internet equally and should not be charged deferentially by the web based services,apps etc.Some companies are not following the principle of net neutrality.

Like in 2012, Reliance had announced that it will offer free Whatsapp and Facebook to its users for rupees 16 per month without charging any extra cost.A word ‘free’ violating the concept of net neutrality.Why should users pay extra to keep Whatsapp or Facebook free while other apps and services will be chargeable for the users.In 2013, Aircel had announced that it will offer free access to Wikipedia. Here again, it argues why it would be free for a particular site and not for other sites.And there were few companies who violates the net neutrality.

We customers feel happy when we heard such offers and deals that we will get free access to our favorite sites.But as a matter of fact we need to stay away from such free offers and should support ‘net neutrality’. Now question comes into our mind who will be benefited from ‘net neutrality’? It is apparent ‘we consumers’ will be benefited from it as we don’t need to pay unnecessarily to get free access for a particular web service or website, or faster access for a particular site or service. Earlier web users are free to connect to whatever website or service they want.

Internet Service Providers do not bother what kind of content is passing through their servers.Data rate for watching videos on you tube and using Facebook is same.Internet Service Providers following the principle of net neutrality.Users can access any service or website without any interference from an Internet Service Providers.

If there will be no net neutrality,internet service providers will have the power to control the internet traffic so that they can earn extra benefit from it. Without net neutrality, there will be no free access and there would be package plans for the consumer. For example, if we pay 500 rupees we only be able to access particular websites and have to pay more for accessing other websites. The concept of net neutrality doesn’t exist in India. No formal rules have been formed yet to uphold net neutrality. There are ways through which the principle of net neutrality can be kept alive by forming proper rules and implementing them too so that internet should be kept open and consumer friendly.

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