Cyber Law

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Q.1 What is Indian Cyber Law?
Indian Cyber Law refers to the legal framework that regulates and governs activities in the cyberspace within India.
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Q.2 What is the Information Technology Act, 2000?
The Information Technology Act, 2000 is the primary legislation in India that deals with various aspects of electronic commerce and cybercrimes.
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Q.3 What are the main objectives of the Information Technology Act, 2000?
The main objectives include facilitating e-commerce, providing legal recognition for electronic documents, and addressing cybercrimes.
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Q.4 What is hacking under Indian Cyber Law?
Hacking refers to the unauthorized access, modification, or interference with computer systems and data. It's illegal under the IT Act.
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Q.5 What are the penalties for hacking in India?
Penalties for hacking can include imprisonment up to 3 years or a fine up to 5 lakh rupees or both.
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Q.6 What is cyberbullying, and is it covered under Indian law?
Cyberbullying involves using electronic means to harass, threaten, or intimidate others. It's covered under the IT Act and can lead to penalties.
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Q.7 What is phishing, and how is it addressed in Indian Cyber Law?
Phishing involves fraudulent attempts to obtain sensitive information. It's punishable under the IT Act with imprisonment and fines.
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Q.8 Explain the concept of cyber defamation.
Cyber defamation involves making false statements about someone online. It's punishable under defamation laws and the IT Act.
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Q.9 What is the role of the Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) in India?
CERT-In is responsible for responding to cybersecurity incidents and providing guidance to prevent and mitigate cyber threats.
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Q.10 What is data protection under Indian Cyber Law?
Data protection involves safeguarding personal and sensitive data. The IT Act includes provisions for data protection.
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Q.11 What is the difference between a data breach and a data leak?
A data breach is unauthorized access to data, while a data leak involves unintentional exposure of data. Both are covered under the IT Act.
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Q.12 What is the punishment for unauthorized data access and theft in India?
Unauthorized data access and theft can lead to imprisonment for up to 3 years and fines under the IT Act.
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Q.13 What is the role of the Cyber Appellate Tribunal in India?
The Cyber Appellate Tribunal hears appeals against orders issued by the Adjudicating Officers under the IT Act.
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Q.14 Explain the concept of 'cyber terrorism.'
Cyber terrorism involves using computer systems or networks to carry out acts of terrorism. It's a serious offense under the IT Act.
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Q.15 What is the role of digital signatures in Indian Cyber Law?
Digital signatures provide legal validity to electronic documents and transactions under the IT Act.
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Q.16 How does Indian Cyber Law deal with online financial frauds like phishing scams?
Phishing scams and online financial frauds are punishable under the IT Act, with penalties ranging from fines to imprisonment.
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Q.17 What are the legal requirements for e-contracts in India?
E-contracts are legally valid if they meet the requirements of the IT Act, such as digital signatures and consent.
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Q.18 How does Indian law address online copyright infringement?
Online copyright infringement is addressed through the Copyright Act and the IT Act, with penalties for infringement.
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Q.19 What is the role of the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) in cybersecurity?
CERT-In is responsible for monitoring and responding to cybersecurity incidents and providing guidelines for prevention.
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Q.20 What is the punishment for cyberbullying under Indian Cyber Law?
Cyberbullying can lead to imprisonment for up to 3 years or a fine under the IT Act.
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Q.21 What are the legal provisions for data breach notification in India?
The IT Act requires organizations to report data breaches to the affected individuals and authorities.
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Q.22 How does Indian law handle cybercrimes with an international dimension?
India can request the extradition of offenders or cooperate with other countries to address cybercrimes of international scope.
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Q.23 What is the role of the Indian judiciary in interpreting and enforcing cyber laws?
The judiciary interprets cyber laws and ensures their enforcement through various judgments and rulings.
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Q.24 How does the IT Act regulate the use of encryption in India?
The IT Act allows the government to regulate encryption for national security reasons.
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Q.25 Explain the concept of 'identity theft' under Indian Cyber Law.
Identity theft involves stealing someone's personal information for fraudulent purposes, and it's punishable under the IT Act.
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Q.26 What are the legal obligations of organizations regarding the protection of customer data in India?
Organizations are required to implement data security measures and protect customer data as per the IT Act.
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Q.27 How does Indian law address cyberstalking cases?
Cyberstalking is addressed under the IT Act, and offenders can face imprisonment and fines.
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Q.28 What is 'cyber espionage,' and how is it treated under Indian law?
Cyber espionage involves stealing sensitive information for political or economic gain. It's illegal under the IT Act.
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Q.29 What is the role of the Data Protection Authority of India (DPAI) in the context of data privacy?
The DPAI is responsible for overseeing data protection and privacy issues, ensuring compliance with the IT Act, and promoting data privacy in India.
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Q.30 What is the role of the Adjudicating Officer in Indian Cyber Law?
Adjudicating Officers are responsible for adjudicating penalties for contraventions of the IT Act.
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Q.31 Explain the concept of 'pharming' and its legal implications in India.
Pharming involves redirecting website traffic to a fraudulent site. It's illegal under the IT Act and can lead to penalties.
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Q.32 What are the legal provisions for the protection of critical information infrastructure in India?
The IT Act mandates the protection of critical information infrastructure, and non-compliance can result in penalties.
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Q.33 How does Indian law address the unauthorized interception of communications?
Unauthorized interception of communications is prohibited under the IT Act and can lead to imprisonment and fines.
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Q.34 What is the significance of the National Cyber Coordination Centre (NCCC) in India?
The NCCC plays a crucial role in monitoring and responding to cyber threats at the national level.
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Q.35 Explain the concept of 'botnets' and their legal implications in India.
Botnets are networks of compromised computers used for malicious purposes. Creating or using botnets is illegal under the IT Act.
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Q.36 What are the legal requirements for the retention and preservation of electronic records in India?
The IT Act specifies the duration and requirements for retaining electronic records.
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Q.37 How does Indian law address cybercrimes involving ransomware attacks?
Ransomware attacks are treated as cybercrimes under the IT Act, and offenders can face penalties.
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Q.38 What is 'cyber squatting' and how can trademark owners protect their rights against it?
Cyber squatting involves registering domain names with bad faith intent. Trademark owners can file complaints under the IT Act.
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Q.39 What is the role of digital forensics in investigating cybercrimes in India?
Digital forensics plays a vital role in collecting and analyzing electronic evidence in cybercrime investigations.
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Q.40 How does Indian law address cybercrimes committed by juveniles?
Juveniles involved in cybercrimes can be subject to special legal provisions and rehabilitation programs.
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Q.41 What is the procedure for reporting cybercrimes to law enforcement agencies in India?
Cybercrimes can be reported to the local police or through online platforms like the National Cyber Crime Reporting Portal.
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Q.42 Explain the concept of 'cyber sovereignty' and its relevance in Indian Cyber Law.
Cyber sovereignty refers to a country's control over its cyberspace. India emphasizes the importance of cyber sovereignty in its cyber laws.
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Q.43 What are the legal provisions for the protection of personal data in India?
The IT Act includes provisions for the protection of personal data and penalties for data breaches.
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Q.44 How does Indian law address cybercrimes related to online gambling and betting?
Online gambling and betting are subject to specific state laws, and violations can lead to penalties.
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Q.45 What is 'online harassment,' and how is it treated under Indian Cyber Law?
Online harassment includes activities like cyberstalking and trolling, and it's punishable under the IT Act.
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Q.46 What are the legal requirements for the storage and security of sensitive financial data in India?
The IT Act mandates secure storage and processing of financial data, especially for entities handling such data.
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Q.47 How does Indian law address cybercrimes that involve social media platforms?
Cybercrimes on social media platforms are subject to the IT Act, and offenders can be penalized.
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Q.48 What is the role of the Indian government in international cyber law agreements and treaties?
India actively participates in international cyber law agreements and cooperates with other nations on cybercrime issues.
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Q.49 Explain the concept of 'cyber warfare' and its implications in Indian Cyber Law.
Cyber warfare involves the use of cyberattacks for military or political purposes. India has a strategy to defend against cyber warfare.
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Q.50 What is the role of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in regulating cybersecurity in the financial sector?
RBI sets cybersecurity standards and guidelines for banks and financial institutions to protect against cyber threats.
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Q.51 What is 'cyber insurance,' and how does it relate to Indian Cyber Law?
Cyber insurance provides coverage for losses due to cyber incidents and is relevant in the context of legal compliance.
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Q.52 How does Indian law address cybercrimes involving intellectual property theft?
Intellectual property theft is addressed through the Copyright Act and other IP laws, in addition to the IT Act.
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Q.53 What is 'two-factor authentication,' and how does it enhance cybersecurity in India?
Two-factor authentication adds an extra layer of security to online accounts and transactions, which is encouraged by the IT Act.
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Q.54 Explain the concept of 'cyber ethics' and its importance in the context of Indian Cyber Law.
Cyber ethics involve responsible and ethical behavior in cyberspace, which is crucial for maintaining a safe and secure digital environment.
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Q.55 What are the legal provisions for cross-border data transfer under Indian Cyber Law?
Cross-border data transfer is regulated under the IT Act, and specific requirements must be met for such transfers.
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Q.56 What is the role of the National Cyber Security Policy in India's cybersecurity strategy?
The National Cyber Security Policy outlines India's approach to cybersecurity and its objectives for safeguarding cyberspace.
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Q.57 How does Indian law address the use of encryption in communication and data protection?
The IT Act regulates the use of encryption and its importance in ensuring data security.
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Q.58 What is the legal framework for reporting vulnerabilities and responsible disclosure in India?
The IT Act encourages responsible disclosure of vulnerabilities and provides protection to security researchers.
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Q.59 What is 'net neutrality,' and how does it relate to Indian Cyber Law?
Net neutrality is the principle that all internet traffic should be treated equally. It has implications for internet service providers and is addressed in the IT Act.
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Q.60 How does Indian law address cybercrimes involving online fraud and scams?
Online fraud and scams are covered under the IT Act, with penalties for offenders.
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Q.61 What is the role of the National Cyber Forensic Laboratory (NCFL) in India?
The NCFL assists law enforcement agencies in digital forensic investigations of cybercrimes.
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Q.62 What are the legal provisions for the protection of children from online exploitation and abuse in India?
The IT Act includes provisions for the protection of children from online exploitation and abuse.
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Q.63 Explain the concept of 'dark web' and its legal implications in India.
The dark web is a hidden part of the internet used for illegal activities. Accessing it can have legal consequences under the IT Act.
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Q.64 What is the role of the National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Centre (NCIIPC) in India's cybersecurity strategy?
The NCIIPC focuses on protecting critical information infrastructure from cyber threats.
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Q.65 How does Indian law address issues of jurisdiction in cross-border cybercrimes?
Indian law provides provisions for jurisdiction in cross-border cybercrime cases.
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Q.66 What is 'cyber hygiene,' and why is it essential in Indian Cyber Law?
Cyber hygiene involves best practices for staying safe online and is crucial for preventing cybercrimes.
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Q.67 How does the IT Act protect whistleblowers and those who report cybercrimes?
The IT Act offers protection to whistleblowers and individuals reporting cybercrimes in good faith.
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Q.68 Explain the concept of 'cyber insurance,' and how can organizations benefit from it in India?
Cyber insurance provides financial protection in case of cyber incidents and is increasingly adopted by organizations in India.
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Q.69 What are the legal provisions for data localization in India?
India has introduced data localization requirements for certain types of sensitive data under the IT Act.
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Q.70 How does Indian law address cybercrimes involving online harassment of women and children?
Special provisions exist in the IT Act to address online harassment of women and children.
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Q.71 What is 'cybersecurity incident response,' and why is it crucial under Indian Cyber Law?
Cybersecurity incident response involves actions taken to mitigate the impact of a cyber incident, and it's vital for protecting data and systems.
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Q.72 How does the IT Act regulate the role and responsibilities of internet intermediaries in India?
The IT Act imposes certain responsibilities on internet intermediaries while also offering them limited liability protections.
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Q.73 Explain the role of the Cyber Swachhta Kendra (Botnet Cleaning and Malware Analysis Centre) in India's cybersecurity landscape.
The Cyber Swachhta Kendra helps users remove malware from their devices and contributes to cybersecurity awareness.
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Q.74 What is a firewall?
Device at boundary of intranet to protect from unauthorized access
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Q.75 What are the legal implications of 'doxxing' under Indian Cyber Law?
Doxxing, or the public release of private information, can be subject to legal action under the IT Act.
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Q.76 What role does ISP plays in e-commerce?
Contracts with users to provide internet access
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Q.77 How does Indian law address cybercrimes involving online hate speech and incitement to violence?
Cybercrimes related to hate speech and incitement to violence are punishable under the IT Act and other relevant laws.
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Q.78 Which section of IT Act, 2000 validates electronic signature?
Section 3 of IT Act, 2000.
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Q.79 What are the legal requirements for the reporting of security breaches and incidents in India?
Organizations are required to report security breaches and incidents as per the IT Act and related regulations.
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Q.80 Which section of IT Act 2008 lays the foundation for Indian CERT?
Section 70B of IT Act, 2008
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Q.81 What is 'cyber insurance,' and how does it help organizations recover from cyber incidents in India?
Cyber insurance provides financial coverage for losses incurred due to cyber incidents, helping organizations recover.
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Q.82 What is it called when a hacker pretends to be a valid user on the system?
Impersonation. It involves a hacker pretending to be a valid user on the system.
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Q.83 How does Indian law address cybercrimes involving online impersonation and fake profiles?
Cybercrimes involving online impersonation and fake profiles are subject to penalties under the IT Act.
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Q.84 What is footprinting?
Accumulation of data by gathering information on a target.
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Q.85 Explain the role of the National Cyber Security Coordinator (NCSC) in India's cybersecurity strategy.
The NCSC coordinates and implements the nation's cybersecurity strategy and initiatives.
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Q.86 What are the legal provisions for the protection of trade secrets and confidential information in India?
Trade secrets and confidential information are protected under the IT Act and other intellectual property laws.
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Q.87 How does Indian law address cybercrimes involving online gambling and betting?
Online gambling and betting are subject to specific state laws, and violations can lead to penalties.
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Q.88 What is 'cyber ethics,' and how does it relate to Indian Cyber Law?
Cyber ethics involve responsible and ethical behavior in cyberspace, which is crucial for maintaining a safe and secure digital environment.
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Q.89 What is the role of the National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Centre (NCIIPC) in India's cybersecurity strategy?
The NCIIPC focuses on protecting critical information infrastructure from cyber threats.
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Q.90 How does Indian law address issues of jurisdiction in cross-border cybercrimes?
Indian law provides provisions for jurisdiction in cross-border cybercrime cases.
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Q.91 What is 'cyber hygiene,' and why is it essential in Indian Cyber Law?
Cyber hygiene involves best practices for staying safe online and is crucial for preventing cybercrimes.
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Q.92 How does the IT Act protect whistleblowers and those who report cybercrimes?
The IT Act offers protection to whistleblowers and individuals reporting cybercrimes in good faith.
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Q.93 What is the role of the National Cyber Forensic Laboratory (NCFL) in India?
The NCFL assists law enforcement agencies in digital forensic investigations of cybercrimes.
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Q.94 Explain the concept of 'dark web' and its legal implications in India.
The dark web is a hidden part of the internet used for illegal activities. Accessing it can have legal consequences under the IT Act.
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Q.95 What are the legal provisions for data localization in India?
India has introduced data localization requirements for certain types of sensitive data under the IT Act.
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Q.96 How does Indian law address cybercrimes involving online harassment of women and children?
Special provisions exist in the IT Act to address online harassment of women and children.
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Q.97 What is 'cybersecurity incident response,' and why is it crucial under Indian Cyber Law?
Cybersecurity incident response involves actions taken to mitigate the impact of a cyber incident, and it's vital for protecting data and systems.
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Q.98 How does the IT Act regulate the role and responsibilities of internet intermediaries in India?
The IT Act imposes certain responsibilities on internet intermediaries while also offering them limited liability protections.
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Q.99 Explain the role of the Cyber Swachhta Kendra (Botnet Cleaning and Malware Analysis Centre) in India's cybersecurity landscape.
The Cyber Swachhta Kendra helps users remove malware from their devices and contributes to cybersecurity awareness.
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Q.100 What are the legal implications of 'doxxing' under Indian Cyber Law?
Doxxing, or the public release of private information, can be subject to legal action under the IT Act.
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Q.101 How does Indian law address cybercrimes involving online hate speech and incitement to violence?
Cybercrimes related to hate speech and incitement to violence are punishable under the IT Act and other relevant laws.
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Q.102 What are the legal requirements for the reporting of security breaches and incidents in India?
Organizations are required to report security breaches and incidents as per the IT Act and related regulations.
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Q.103 What is 'cyber insurance,' and how does it help organizations recover from cyber incidents in India?
Cyber insurance provides financial coverage for losses incurred due to cyber incidents, helping organizations recover.
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Q.104 How does Indian law address cybercrimes involving online impersonation and fake profiles?
Cybercrimes involving online impersonation and fake profiles are subject to penalties under the IT Act.
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Q.105 Explain the role of the National Cyber Security Coordinator (NCSC) in India's cybersecurity strategy.
The NCSC coordinates and implements the nation's cybersecurity strategy and initiatives.
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Q.106 What are the legal provisions for the protection of trade secrets and confidential information in India?
Trade secrets and confidential information are protected under the IT Act and other intellectual property laws.
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Q.107 How does Indian law address cybercrimes involving online gambling and betting?
Online gambling and betting are subject to specific state laws, and violations can lead to penalties.
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Q.108 What is 'cyber ethics,' and how does it relate to Indian Cyber Law?
Cyber ethics involve responsible and ethical behavior in cyberspace, which is crucial for maintaining a safe and secure digital environment.
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