CSS Stylesheet
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a language specifically made for illustrating the appearance of various parts of a web page. CSS gives option to control the text color, fonts style, inter- paragraph spacing, columns sizing and layout, background images or colors and many other visual effects. CSS is used to style web pages, developed in HTML or XHTML
The major advantage of CSS is to customize the style of an entire website without changing each page individually. CSS-driven web design makes writing HTML easier. The HTML-only approach requires a lot more code to achieve the same visual effects compared with CSS version.
Including CSS
CSS can be included in a web page in following four ways
Embedded Style Sheets – Embedded style sheets are included between <style> and </style> tags in an web page’s head section as
<style type=”text/css”>
body { font: 12px sans-serif; }
</ style >
External Style Sheets – In it CSS is in a separate document which is linked to an web page by the <link> element with “rel” attribute having “stylesheet” as its value, “type” attribute having ”text/css” as its value and “href “ attribute having the path to CSS file. It is used as
<link rel=”stylesheet” type=”text/css” href=”style.css”>
- rel=”stylesheet” tells the link type —in this case, a link to a style sheet.
- type=”text/css” lets web browser know the type of data to get—a text file, having CSS.
- href points to the location of the external CSS file and has the value of a URL similar to the src attribute in an <image> tag.
Import Rule – It is similar to external style sheet but instead of <link> element, it uses “@import” with “url” attribute storing the path to the CSS file. It is used as
<style type=”text/css”>
@import url(style.css);
</ style >
It can attach external style sheets to an external style sheet but the <link> tag can’t.
Direct Style – Inline styles with the style attribute are used to apply CSS rules directly to an element in an web as
<body style=”font: 12px sans-serif;”>
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