Any idea!  What I am going to talk about today?  What basically does it mean?         OK! So lets begin.

Corporate Governance(CG) means that a company manages its business in such a manner that it is accountable and responsible to the shareholders. Governance involves tye derivation, use and limitation of such powers. CG is a way of life and not a set of rules. It helps in knowing the accountability of the Board of directors of a company and their constituent responsibilities.

There are some THEORIES of CG —

1. Stewardship Theory – this theory assumes that the top managers will act on their own as responsible stewards of the assets under their control. They work diligently to achieve high levels of profits which yield good returns. Under this theory ______                                                     the interests of the company and its owners are aligned with managers.,           the interests of shareholders are served when the company’s performance is maximised.,                                                      board and chief executives should be given adequate authority and discretion,  it has an assumption that board will always work for corporate performance and in the interests of shareholders., And, a proper governance structure is required.

2. Agency Theory – According to agency theory there exists agency relationship between the shareholders and management. Shareholders of a corporation delegate the decision making authority to the board. There can be divergence of interests between shareholders and mangers. Effective governance system is needed, to safeguard the interests of shareholders. This theory doesn’t consider the interests and rights of other stakeholders.

3. Stakeholders Theory – under this a company must be run in the interests of all the stakeholders. A harmony or compromise is required between them. A board consisting of the representatives of various stakeholders groups could be entrusted with this job.

CG goes beyond the law as it involves an interplay among companies, their shareholders, creditors, capital markets and the company law.

India is one of the most legislated countries. Despite the plemora of laws, the way companies are directed and controlled in India leaves much to be desired. No law can improvce CG till the mind-set to adhere to the law is created. Our banks and financial institutions failed to have a governance system, leading to treated securities scam and a multitude of scams in the non-banking finance sector apart from burgeoning non-performing assets.

Hope I made my points clear to you.

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I guess every one knows “what agriculture is! “. So without wasting your precious time ;-),  I wish to straight forwardly come to my point. Today I am writing about Indian Agriculture.

1. Diversity in Indian Agriculture – Indian is a country of variety of states, with their respective religions, languages and cultures. So thus the soil content, magnitude of rainfall, water availability, etc also differ. Some areas face drought conditions while some face water logging problems.

2. Farming techniques – Indian Agriculture is still characterised by the use of orthodox techniques, a large portion still depends on biological sources of energy. Modern techniques like HIV seeds were introduced in some states like Haryana, Punjab and Uttar pradesh but still unable to reach every zone.

3. Illiteracy rate –   Usually people in primary sector have high illiteracy rate. They neigher have the proper knowledge of how to use farming techniques nor are updated. Thus their lack of knowledge results in erosion of soil fertility leading to less and poor production in the long run.

4. Lack of Investment – I guess nobody wishes to invest in primary sector. People always love to invest in jewellery, trade and money lending schemes. But a less in land improvement due to less rate of return.

5. Excessive dependence on a small piece of land – No doubt, a huge population depend on agricultural sector. With that the burden of people on a small land is also high. LIKE… In a family of 7 people- parents and their 5 children are farming on a single hectare of land. With that they have to meet all their basic needs as well have to fulfill their facilities.

This list is a long series if I continue this “tick tick” process as if someone is reading novel, don’t mind I hate reading novels.

Coming to the point….. Indian government must put some more efforts for agricultural sector. I guess Agriculture is itself a provider of raw material not even to firms only but also directly to humans.

Raw materials like food ingredients,milk products; in food processing industries come from agricultural sector. What if the raw material wouldn’t be of good quality!?  Then what quality food you would be eating in that case.!? What health problems, new born diseases you would get with your new generations..!?

Think once for the sake of yours, your future, your health. Are you compromising with your health.??

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ATACAMA SKELETON…. Ata is the common name given to the skeletal remains of a 6-inch long human that was found during 2003 in deserted Chilean town in Atacama Desert, hence the abbreviated name. During the DNA analysis of the skeleton, the B2 Haplotype group was found. Combined with the alleles found in Mitochondrial DNA contained, the findings suggested that Ata is an alien by ufologists. This speculation is inconsistent with the human genetic material that is present in the remains.

While others say the aliens are our ancestors as the skeletal of kung tut’s father has similar appearance as Ata(with long head). So, were our ancestors aliens!!!!

On the other hand, one mystery is yet unsolved; the 34th President Eisenhower suddenly disappeared.

A former US government consultant has claimed that the president Eisenhower had 3 secret meetings with aliens. Eisenhower and other FBI officials are said to have organised the showdown with the space creatures by sending out TELEPATHIC MESSAGES. The two parties met on three separate occasions at certain Air Force bases including the Holloman Air Force Base in New Mexico and there were many witnesses.

The witnesses also testified that the president was in a deal with aliens allowing them to experiment on humans. And one day, Eisenhower suddenly disappeared. Nobody knows where he had gone. Are these just the rumours or the bitter and horrifying truth is still in the sealed pockets government leaders.

Have we chosen them or they are choosing us the victims!!!!?

This might led to a drastic end. They must light the truth.

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Wow! A lovely, and friendly society I am living in. Giving and taking are the parts of our lives to the society.

I guess everyone has the same in their lives. Then don’t you think ‘corporate’ is also somehow somewhere linked to the society and sarroundings. So here lets talk about the some business responsibilities apart from their regular business deals.

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) – in which a business works for the sake of others completing its legal and moral obligations. CSR is, in which an enterprise commits to behave ethically, contributing to economic development, with the improvement in its workers life,their families, and for society’s wellbeing. Society as a whole may not be served good if the corporations are doing good only to its stakeholders, their members n employees. CSR makes business build capacity for sustainable livelihood of the corporation. It respects cultural differences and finds the business opportunities in building the skills of its employees, the community and the government.

Goodwill of an enterprise(an important aspect) can’t be valued only on basis of ” how much its shareholders are enriched”. It’s a joint valuation of work in which the employees, the customers, management, stakeholders, trading officials, the government and the society go hand in hand. Thus, one basic principle of CSR is sustainable development where an enterprise must finalise its decisions after having analysed its long term affects on the society as well on environment.

Lets talk about some more principles, at large —–

1 Providing a safe and healthy work environment – Nobody likes to work in an unhealthy environment or in a firm who doesn’t meet with their expectations. Under CSR, a business invests in its employees wellness programmes that offers on-site daycare or fitness facilities.

2 Environment protection plans- 21st century full of pollution and after causing diseases. Though people and government put efforts in fighting the aftereffects. But somehow an enterprise also must do. Under CSR, business invests in environmental protection pans and plus uses best less pollution creating methods (one of best methods – 3R).

3 Being truthfull in advertising -Who does want a profit!  Who does not wish to increase in sales due to increase in marginal customer level!  CSR bounds an enterprise to not advertise their products containing inaccurate, or deceptive claims,  statements, or illustrations for earning huge marginal revenues.

4 Donating to charity – Ah! This DONATING is something people do in their day to day lives, right! So then an enterprise also must do for its good reputation. CSR has a very needy part of Corporate Philanthropy under which business promotes the welfare of others, via Charitable donations of funds or time.

Profit maximisation, expansion of business, its survival, and growth; such targets can easily be achieved by fixing high cost of good or services but in the short-run only. For sustenance and long-run profits,  a firm has to adopt CSR.

Even the stakeholders are more attracted towards the firms having a good CSR.

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