{"id":75741,"date":"2020-01-20T11:56:27","date_gmt":"2020-01-20T06:26:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vskills.in\/certification\/tutorial\/?p=75741"},"modified":"2024-04-12T14:17:16","modified_gmt":"2024-04-12T08:47:16","slug":"the-basics-views-and-mime-types","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.vskills.in\/certification\/tutorial\/the-basics-views-and-mime-types\/","title":{"rendered":"The basics: views and MIME-types"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Recall from ealier chapter that a view function is simply a Python function that takes a Web request and returns a Web response. This response can be the HTML contents of a Web page, or a redirect, or a 404 error, or an XML document, or an image \u00e2\u20ac\u00a6or anything, really. More formally, a Django view function must:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Accept an HttpRequest instance as its first argument; and<\/li>\n<li>Return an HttpResponse instance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The key to returning non-HTML content from a view lies in the HttpResponse class, specifically the content_type argument. By default, Django sets content_type to \u201ctext\/html\u201d. You can however, set content_type to any of the official Internet media types (MIME types) managed by IANA.<\/p>\n<p>By tweaking the MIME type, we can indicate to the browser that we\u2019ve returned a response of a different format. For example, let\u2019s look at a view that returns a PNG image. To keep things simple,<br>\nwe\u2019ll just read the file off the disk:<\/p>\n<p>from django.http import HttpResponse<\/p>\n<p>def my_image(request):<br>\nimage_data = open(&#8220;\/path\/to\/my\/image.png&#8221;, &#8220;rb&#8221;).read()<br>\nreturn HttpResponse(image_data, content_type=&#8221;image\/png&#8221;)<\/p>\n<p>That\u2019s it! If you replace the image path in the open() call with a path to a real image, you can use this very simple view to serve an image, and the browser will display it correctly.<\/p>\n<p>The other important thing to keep in mind is that HttpResponse objects implement Python\u2019s standard file-like object API. This means that you can use an HttpResponse instance in any place Python (or a third-party library) expects a file. For an example of how that works, let\u2019s take a look at producing CSV with Django.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vskills.in\/certification\/tutorial\/certified-django-developer\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Back to Tutorial<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Recall from ealier chapter that a view function is simply a Python function that takes a Web request and returns a Web response. This response can be the HTML contents of a Web page, or a redirect, or a 404 error, or an XML document, or an image \u00e2\u20ac\u00a6or anything, really. More formally, a Django&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8655],"tags":[8792],"class_list":["post-75741","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-django-web-development","tag-the-basics"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The basics: views and MIME-types - Tutorial<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vskills.in\/certification\/tutorial\/the-basics-views-and-mime-types\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The basics: views and MIME-types - Tutorial\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Recall from ealier chapter that a view function is simply a Python function that takes a Web request and returns a Web response. 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