{"id":64101,"date":"2019-03-18T12:14:55","date_gmt":"2019-03-18T06:44:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vskills.in\/certification\/tutorial\/?p=64101"},"modified":"2024-04-12T14:31:53","modified_gmt":"2024-04-12T09:01:53","slug":"quality-basics","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.vskills.in\/certification\/tutorial\/quality-basics\/","title":{"rendered":"Quality Basics"},"content":{"rendered":"

Certify and Increase Opportunity.<\/span>
\nBe <\/span>
\nGovt. Certified Production and Operations Management Professional <\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Quality Basics – Production and Operations Management<\/h1>\n

Quality management is thus an important long-term marketing strategy as well. Quality is more crucial for India so as to competer in global market so as to get brand loyalties across the globe. To make a dent on such a market, it might sometimes be necessary for our products to be one step better than the already established products of other advanced countries.<\/p>\n

WHAT IS QUALITY?<\/strong>
\nOne basic question needs to be answered: What is quality and who decides the quality should be?<\/p>\n

1. Quality refers to the output of the product against the performance standard as commitment by the company to the end customer. The commitment may be explicit such as a written contract or it may be implicit in terms of the expectations of the average consumer of the product.
\n2. Quality is either a Written or non-written commitment to a known or unknown consumer in the market.
\n3. It is decision based on various marketing considerations, production constraints, manpower or personal constraints and equipment or technology constraints.
\n4. Once such a strategic decision regarding the quality is taken, it is the job of all functional managements, including the Production and Operations Manager, to see that such strategic objectives and goals are implemented. Quality implementation is also \u2018total organization effort.\u2019<\/p>\n

STATISTICAL METHODS<\/strong>
\nStatistics and quantitative methods are helpful in the implementation of quality. Though these quantitative and statistical methods are not a panacea for the problems of quality implementation, they are nevertheless helpful in this implementation process.
\nThere are three aspects of assuring quality:
\n\u2022 Assurance of incoming raw materials quality
\n\u2022 Assurance that proper processes are operating on the raw materials
\n\u2022 Assurance of the quality of the outgoing finished goods<\/p>\n

Acceptance Sampling<\/strong>
\nThe task of exercising control over the incoming raw materials and the outgoing finished goods usually called \u2018Acceptance Sampling.\u2019 Accepting or rejecting the supplier’s raw materials, and sending or not sending the finished goods out. This is why the control at the raw material and the finished goods point is called Acceptance Sampling. This is only one part of what is known as Statistical Quality Control.<\/p>\n

Process Control<\/strong>
\nThe control one exercises over the processes operating on the raw materials or the semi-finished goods is called Process Control.<\/p>\n

Mass Production<\/strong>
\nStatistics is a science of averages, and therefore, statistical methods are useful for mass-production and mass-purchase or procurement of raw materials and mass shipment of the finished goods. The statistical method-depends on a large population for their accuracy and relevance, and of course. Being a science, of averages, these methods have their own special drawbacks (which we need not elaborate at this point).<\/p>\n

Sampling<\/strong>
\nSince in all the statistical methods we shall be dealing with small samples from a large population, these statistical methods are of a great help in ensuring adequate quality for the total population or mass of products by checking only a few.<\/p>\n

STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL<\/strong>
\nThe premise in process control is that if the processes chemical reactions, mechanical working by men and or machines are operated within a tolerable range, the product produced will be of the desired quality. The objective of process control is to set a proper procedure to work or shape the raw materials into finished goods .<\/p>\n

Process control is nothing but the monitoring of the various physical variables operating on the materials and the correction of the variables when they deviate from the previously established norms.<\/p>\n

Variations<\/strong>
\nIn statistics, anything that we do not understand or we are not capable of understanding is called \u2018random.\u2019 The variations which are inherent in nature to a particular process and which are random since they are not traceable to any particular cause are labelled to be due to \u2018random causes\u2019 or \u2018chance cause.\u2019<\/p>\n

Monitoring the Process<\/strong>
\nWe can control the process by (a) actually measuring the variables operating on the raw materials, or by (b) Measuring the characteristics of the output product.<\/p>\n

Control Limits<\/strong>
\nNaturally, in exercising process control by monitoring the product from the processes, we should not exceed these specification limits. In fact, we should exercise control over the processes before the product quality goes beyond the specification limits.<\/p>\n

Cost Aspects in Designing Control Limits<\/strong>
\nThere is no point in worrying over every small variation in the output and wasting our efforts in rectifying the processes operating on the materials.<\/p>\n

Production professionals, operations executives, managers, senior executives can use the below links to be updated on Production and Operations Management<\/p>\n